If you’ve ever built an Express API, you’ve probably reached for standard rate-limiting middleware to protect your login or payment endpoints from DDoS and brute-force attacks. Under the hood, most simple limiters use a Fixed-Window Counter . It’s easy to write: count incoming requests, and onc...

Source: [Dev.to](https://dev.to/doaaa_04/why-fixed-window-rate-limiters-fail-and-how-to-fix-them-with-math-1272)

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